In this paper, Cynthia van der Werf studies how the largest inflow of refugees in U.S. history –Indochinese refugees at the end of the Vietnam War – affected U.S. children by examining whether native children’s academic achievement was lower in ZIP Codes with higher shares of refugees using the National Education Longitudinal Study (NELS88), the National Assessment of Educational Progress, and U.S. Census data.

Faced with a long and uncertain recovery, many Puerto Ricans instead opted to move to the US mainland, where as US citizens they enjoy full rights to work and vote. Using various data sources, including data from FEMA disaster relief applications, Justin Wiltshire shows that rather than spreading uniformly throughout the contiguous states these evacuees tended to cluster heavily in relatively few areas.